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在经过8个月的翻新改造之后，Biesbosch重新面向公众开放。现在博物馆已经焕然一新，并且扩展出一座面向自然景观的新建筑，其功能包含一家餐厅和临时的当代艺术展览空间。讲述该地区发展历史的常设展也已经全新改版。此外，一座大型的Biesbosch水体模型和淡水潮汐公园也在这座博物馆岛的规划之中。其中建筑、室内、水体模型和淡水潮汐公园由Studio Marco Vermeulen担当设计，展览由Studio Joyce Langezaal策划设计。

After an eight-month renovation, the Biesbosch Museum reopened to the public this summer. The museum has been completely transformed and extended with a new wing that opens to its beautiful surroundings and housesarestaurant and temporary exhibition space for contemporary art. The permanent exhibition that explains the historical development of the region has also been totally revamped.A large water model of the Biesbosch and a freshwater tidal park are also planned on the Museum Island. Building, interior, water model and freshwater tidal park were designed by Studio Marco Vermeulen, and the exhibition was designed by Studio Joyce Langezaal.

重建的源起

水源安全是Biesbosch Museum Island开发的主要原因。作为国家水源安全项目的一部分，4450公顷的Noordwaard泽地已经变成一块水源保护区。Biesbosch博物馆的两侧的土壤被挖开，从而形成一座新的小岛。

对于大多数游客来说，Biesbosch博物馆是游览Biesbosch国家公园的起点。但老的博物馆已经过时且不能没有能力服务越来越多的游客，餐饮设施尤其缺乏，而且展览本身也需要更新。2012年全年，约35,000名游客参观了博物馆，但仅在重新开放后的3个月内，游客人数就已经超过30,000人。

Reason for redevelopment

Water safety was the keyreason for the development of the Biesbosch MuseumIsland. As part of a national water safety programme,the 4450-hectare Noordwaard polder has been turned into a water-retention area. Outlets on either side of the Biesbosch Museum were dug to create a new island.

For most visitors, the Biesbosch Museumis the starting point for exploring the Biesbosch National Park. The museum, however, was outdated and not equipped to accommodate the growing visitor numbers. A lack of adequate catering facilities was particularly urgent. Moreover, the presentation of the collection needed an overhaul. In 2012, some 35,000 people visited the museum, while in the first three monthssince the reopening,no fewer than 30,000 people visited the complex!

▽水系图，stream area

▽Biesbosch博物馆岛平面图、剖面图，plan and section drawings of Biesbosch Museum Island

博物馆建筑

为了避免不必要的材料和能源浪费，老博物馆六边形的结构被保留，且在它的西南部，加盖了一座1000平米的新建筑。新建筑以其大面积的开窗为特征，面向岛上的花园开放。其中包含一家可以欣赏周围美景的有机餐厅，以及临时展览空间。

原有建筑内的功能空间包括常设展厅、图书馆、多功能剧场以及包括接待和博物馆商店在内的入口大厅。在那，游客可以获得游览Biesbosch国家公园的相关信息，购买进入博物馆的门票以及租用电动船。新开的天窗为荷兰林业委员会和公园理事会的工作人员提供了办公室采光。

新老建筑为大地的景观所环绕，也被满草的屋顶所覆盖。事实上，屋顶增加该地区的生态价值，为其营造了可以称之为大地艺术的雕塑，同时也使自身在环境中凸现出来。起伏的屋面上是小山一样的景观，其间铺有小路，小路的尽端有一座可以瞭望景色的平台。

Museum Building

To avoid any unnecessary waste of material or energy, the hexagonal structure of the original Biesbosch Museum pavilions has beenretained, and a new 1000 m2 wing was added on the south-western side of the building. Featuringextensive areas offenestration, the wingopensto the museum garden on the island. The extensionhouses an organic restaurant that offers views of the adjacent water and landscape, and space for temporary exhibitions.

The existing building houses the permanent exhibition, library, multipurpose theatre,entrance area with reception and museum shop. Visitors can obtain tourist information about the Biesbosch National Park and buy tickets for the museum and electric boats. The addition of large dormers on the roof created space for the museum’s offices, the Dutch Forestry Commission and the Park Board.

The old and new sections of the museum are surrounded by earthworks and covered with a roof of grass and herbs. The roof adds ecological value, creating a sculptural object that reads as land art and, at the same time, manifests itself in the surrounding landscape. Afold in the roofgives way to an adventurous mountain trail and a lookout post.

▽外观，view from outside

▽屋面，roof

▽室内，interior

展览

新的常设展全面展示了Biesbosch的历史、文化以及博物馆藏品。Biesbosch的发展历程分散在7个展厅内，从1421年Elizabeth洪水到如今成为休闲放松的新场所。展览的内容含盖原住民、经济、工艺和自然环境，在多媒体空间内向公众进行全方位的展示。原始的影像资料、访谈和工具提供了一个生动而个人化的对该区域和原住民的展示。

Exhibition

The new permanent exhibition offers a rich overview of the history of the Biesbosch, the culture and the collection of the museum. The unique story of the Biesbosch is displayed in seven pavilions, covering its history from theElizabeth Flood of 1421 to its current status as a recreationalarea. The residents, economy, crafts and nature are displayedin multimedia spaces that stimulate all senses. Original film material and photographs, interviews and tools present a personal and vivid account of the area and its residents.

能源

新老建筑在设计时都注意将能耗减少到最低。大面积的玻璃使用最先进的隔热玻璃，不必要使用百叶窗。西北侧的土方和绿色屋面同时起到隔热和保温的作用。寒冷的天气里，生物燃料炉通过地热系统为室内提供舒适的温度。暖和的时候，河水流入同样的管道为室内降温。

柳树过滤器

生活污水的净化是通过柳树来进行的：这在荷兰当属首次，要感谢当地柳条编织的传统。柳树可以吸收污水中的氮、磷物质，来帮助自身生长。净化后的水流入湿地，最终汇入河流。柳树被伐后，可用作生物燃料，用于博物馆的采暖或其他功能。

就地取“材”

博物馆就地取材，不仅仅体现在能量供应和污水处理上，还同样体现在当地微酿餐厅的菜单上。博物馆的工作人员很多是过去在Biesbosch工作过的志愿者。甚至承建商和工人也大都来自附近地区。Biesbosch有丰富的采摘和加工自然材料的历史。新建筑中的博物馆的艺术空间，全部使用当地出产的自然材料。上世纪中叶，严重的污染使鲟鱼和鲑鱼从该水域消失。Haringvliet闸口建成，水质变得干净之后，这些物种又重新回到了此处，餐厅内池塘的设计就是在隐喻这一点。

Energy

Both the new wing and existing volume are designed to minimize energy consumption. The glass front is fitted with state-of-the-art heat-resistant glass that eliminates the need for blinds. The earthworks on the north-western side and the green roof serve as additional insulation and a heat buffer. On cold days, a biomass stove maintains the building at the right temperature through floor heating. On warm days, water from the river flows through the same piping to cool the building.

Willow Filter

Sanitary wastewater is purified through a willow filter: the first in the Netherlands and an acknowledgement of thewickerculture of the Biesbosch. Willows absorb the wastewater and the substances it contains, among them nitrogen and phosphate. These substances act as nutrients and help the willow to grow. The purified water is discharged into the adjacent wetland area and flows from there into the river. Once the willows are sawnand dried, the wood can be usedas fuel in the biomass stove in the museum or for other purposes.

Specific to the Biesbosch

The museum uses many resources available in the area, not only for its energy supply and water treatment, but also for the menu in themicrobrew restaurant. Moreover, the museum can count on the commitment of dozens of volunteers, many of whom have worked in the Biesbosch in the past. Even most of the contractors and construction workers involved in the redevelopment come from the immediate area.

The Biesbosch has a rich history in harvesting and processing natural materials and is bio-based avant la lettre.The museum therefore provides space for art, preferably made of natural materials from the Biesbosch itself, in the new wing and on the island.

Midway through the last century, the impressive sturgeon and salmon disappeared from the waters of the Biesbosch. With the opening of the Haringvliet locks and the cleaner water in the river, the likelihood of a return ofthese distinctive species has increased. The indoor pondat the restaurant hints at the return of the sturgeon.

淡水潮汐公园

博物馆岛将在2016年的春季竣工，淡水湿地公园从新挖开的小溪中引水。潮汐和季节性的水位变化可以在小溪倾斜的岸边清晰地察觉到。同时，倾斜的溪岸也创造了丰富的动植物多样性。蜿蜒的通往小岛的小路，由于水位的变化也在不断的变化当中。

“Biesbosch体验”水体模型

“Biesbosch体验”水体模型同样会在2016年的春天完成，它将通过展示当地的圩田、堤坝和溪流，来阐释控制水的原理和重要性，以及海平面上升会带来怎样的影响。在半小时的循环周期内，水位从极低变为极高。大人和小孩可以通过操作各种闸口来改变水流的过程。

De Pannekoek露天博物馆

De Pannekoek露天博物馆位于河的另一边，其标志是一颗名为“griend”的柳树，在那里游客可以回到过去，看到仿真的鸭子、海狸小屋以及柳树和芦苇建造的房子。

Freshwater Tidal Park

The MuseumIsland, which will be realized in the spring of 2016, is a freshwater tidal park on the island that receives river water through a newly dug creek. The tides and seasonal variations in water levels can be clearlyexperienced thanks to the gentle slope of the banks along the creek. The slopes also create a rich diversity of flora and fauna, so that every visit to the island will be different.A meandering path provides access to the island, whichcontinuously changes in appearancebecause of the changing water levels.

Biesbosch Experience

The ‘Biesbosch Experience’ will be realized on the Museum Island in the spring of 2016. This scale model of the Biesbosch, with polders, dikes and streams,explains the water management function and importance of the area when water levels are high. Within a half-hour cycle, the water changes from ‘extremely low’ to ‘extremely high’. Children and adults are able toalter the course of the waterby operating various kinds of locks.

De Pannekoek Open-Air Museum

The open-air museum on the other side of the river features awood of willows called a ‘griend’where visitors can step back intime. Visitors can also see a duck decoy, a hut made of willows and reeds, and a beaver lodge.

▽Biesbosch博物馆岛布局图，layout of the Biesbosch Museum Island（点击看大图，drawings-click to enlarge）

▽Biesbosch博物馆图纸，drawings of Biesbosch Museum

Construction: Renovation / new building
Construction costs: ca. 3 million
Bouwtijd: 8 months
Completion:june 2015
Gross Floor Area: 1.300 m2
Existing Renovation: 1.000 m2
Floor Area exhibition: 900 m2
Program: museum (permanent and changing exhibition space), offices, visitor center, library, cinema, museum restaurant, offices. Museum Garden and Waterplayground (completion mid 2016)

English Text: Studio Marco Vermeulen
Chinese Text:gooood

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